1	Copper is a micronutrient that can be found in soil. Copper is important for reproductive growth in plants, and it plays an indirect role in chlorophyll production. Describe the interaction that occurs between the root and the shoot systems of plants to allow the reproduction process to occur?

2	Nucleotide sequence comparisons are possible because all organisms share what?

3	How does DNA in cells determine an organism’s complex traits?

4	The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. Why are the sequence of the bases in DNA important?
5	Epithelial cells make up epithelial tissues. These tissues may be found on the outside of the body as skin, or inside the body on tissues that are exposed to the external environment, such as the linings of the throat, stomach, or intestines. Each day a person may lose up to one million epithelial skin cells. How are these cells replaced? 

6	When is a mutation is least likely to affect a cell?

7	In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed some others under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings. What
was the most likely conclusion of Morgan’s research?

8	and 9.  Know how to complete di-hybrid Punnett squares.

10	How would a cancerous mass in the lung develop?  The biological processes.

11		The technique known as chromosome painting is the result of scientific research. Scientists use chromosome painting to mark the locations of genes on human chromosomes
with fluorescent tags. It is also possible to apply this technique to the chromosomes of many different species.  What could chromosome painting be used for?

12	The ovaries produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. Which two regulatory (body) systems are working together in this situation?

13	Which nuclear process is represented below?

14	Reproductive organs produce hormones that stimulate brain development and sexual behavior in organisms. In this way, the reproductive system works in conjunction with which other system?

15    What is the role of environmental factors in cellular differentiation?

16	Which process is represented in the diagram below?

17

The diagram above shows the process of meiosis. What does the segregation that occurs during meiosis results in?

18	An animal can wound a tree by scratching away the bark. The tree can respond to the wound in many ways. Usually sap quickly covers the wound, and then the tree covers the wound with new growth. The diagram shows a cross section of a tree with a healed wound.

What process worked most directly with the transport system to heal the wound?

19 and 20     Make sure you know how to use a codon chart and transcribe mRNA from DNA.